Thursday, September 29, 2011

About Papua - Indonesia


Papua is one of Indonesia province comprising a majority part of the western half of New Guinea Island and nearby. The province originally covered the entire western half of New Guinea, but in 2003, the western portion of the province, on the Bird's Head Peninsula, was declared in Jakarta as separate province named West Irian Jaya. The legality of this separation has been disputed, as it appears to conflict with the conditions of the Special Autonomy status awarded to Papua in the year 2000. The status of West Irian Jaya province is not yet resolved as of early 2006.


Papua is the official Indonesian and internationally recognized name for the province. During the colonial era the region was known as Dutch New Guinea. The province was known as West Irian or Irian Barat from 1969 to 1973, and then renamed Irian Jaya ("Victorious Irian") by Soeharto. This was the official name until Papua was adopted in 2002. Today, natives of this province prefer to call themselves Papuans rather than Irianese. This may be due to etymology (variously identified as a real etymology or a folk etymology) the name of Irian, which stems from the acronym Ikut Republik Indonesia, Anti Nederland (join/follow with the Republic of Indonesia, rejecting The Netherlands). The name West Papua is used among Papuan separatists and usually refers to the whole of the Indonesian portion of New Guinea.
The capital of Papua province is Jayapura. Most of the population depends on subsistence farming, especially the cultivation of rice and maize. The main industries include copper (with the largest concentration of copper in the world at Tembagapura), palm oil, copra, maize, groundnuts, pepper, tuna, gold, oil, coal, and phosphates. It is mostly a mountainous and forested region, with the Maoke Mountain range rising to 5,029-m/16,499 ft at Jaya Peak. The population comprises Melanesians (original settlers of Western New Guinea), Papuans, Negritos, and Europeans. Indigenous animism prevails. The province declared independence from Indonesia, as West Papua, in June 2000. However, the president of Indonesia stated that the declaration was unrepresentative of true feeling in the province.

Geographically

A central East-West mountain range dominates the geography of New Guinea, over 1600 km in total length. The western section is around 600 km long and 100 km across. Steep mountains 3000 to 4000 m and up to 5000 m high along the range ensure a steady supply of rain from the tropical atmosphere. The tree line is around 4000 m elevation and the tallest peaks are snowbound year round.
Both North and West of the central ranges the land remains mountainous mostly 1000 to 2000 m high covered by thick rain forest and a warm humid year round climate. The third major habitat feature is the southeast lowlands with extensive wetlands stretching for hundreds of kilometers.
Mamberamo River sometimes referred to the "Amazon of Papua" is the province's largest river, which winds through the northern part of the province. The result is a large area of lakes and rivers known as the Lakes Plains region. The famous Baliem Valley, home of the Dani people is a tableland 1600 m above sea level in the midst of the central mountain range; Jaya Peak, sometimes known by its former Dutch name Carstensz Pyramid, is a mist covered limestone mountain peak 5030 m above sea level. 

Wide Area 
The wide area of Papua is 420,000 sq km/162,000 sq mi.

Population

Papua population based on 2000 est. is 2,220,900. It has some 240 different tribal peoples, each with its own language and culture. Indigenous Papuans in West Papua and Papua New Guinea speak some 15% of the world's known languages. West Papua together with the rest of the island of New Guinea, are the lungs of the Asia-Pacific, containing the last great surviving virgin rainforest after the Amazon.

Demographics
The population of Papua province and the neighboring West Irian Jaya, both of which are still under a united administration, totaled 2,646,489 in 2005. Since the early 1990s, Papua has had the highest population growth rate of all Indonesian provinces at over 3% annually. This is partly a result of high birth rates, but also from immigration from other regions in Indonesia.
According to the 2000 census, 78% of the Papuan population identified themselves as Christian with 54% being Protestant and 24% being Catholic. 21% of the population was Muslim and less than 1% were Buddhist or Hindu. There is also substantial practice of animism by Papuans, which is not recorded by the Indonesian government in line with the policy of Pancasila.

Ecology
A vital tropical rainforest with the tallest tropical trees and vast biodiversity, Papua's known forest fauna includes marsupials (including possums, wallabies, tree-kangaroos, cuscuses), other mammals (including the endangered Long-beaked Echidna), many bird species (including birds of paradise, cassowaries, parrots, cockatoos), the world's longest lizards (Papua monitor) and the world's largest butterflies. The island has an estimated 16,000 species of plant, 124 genera of which are endemic.
The extensive waterways and wetlands of Papua are also home to salt and freshwater crocodile, tree monitor, flying foxes, osprey, bats and other animals; while the equatorial glacier fields remain largely unexplored.


In February 2006, a team of scientists exploring the Foja Mountains, Sarmi, discovered numerous new species of birds, butterflies, amphibians, and plants, including a species of rhododendron, which may have the largest bloom of the genus. Ecological threats include logging-induced deforestation, forest conversion for plantation agriculture (especially oil palm), small holder agricultural conversion, the introduction and potential spread of non-native alien species such as the Crab-eating Macaque, which preys on and competes with indigenous species, the illegal species trade, and water pollution from oil and mining operations.

Regions
Indonesia structures regions contains of regencies and sub districts within those. Though names and areas of control of these regional structures can vary over time in accord with changing political and other requirements, in 2005 Papua province consisted of 19 regencies. The regencies are: Timika, Yapen - Waropen, Biak - Numfor, Nabire, Puncak Jaya, Paniai, Jayawijaya, Merauke, Sarmi, Keerom, Waropen, Tolikara, Yahukimo, Bintang Mountain, Boven Digoel, Mappi, Asmat, Supiori, and Jayapura. In addition to these, Jayapura city also has the status of regency.

Government 
Papua province has governed by a directly elected governor (currently Barnabas Suebu) and a regional legislature, DPRP (Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Papua). A unique government organization that only exists in Papua is the MRP (Majelis Rakyat Papua / Papuan People's Council) that was formed by the Indonesian Government in 2005 as a coalition of Papuan tribal chiefs, tasked with arbitration and speaking on behalf of Papuan tribal customs.
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The most bizarre six graves in Indonesia















1. Benuaq Tomb East Kalimantan
Visit to his native tribe or tribal Dayak Dayak Benuaq Bentian in the interior of East Kalimantan. Graves will be easily found in the side yard or the edge of the road to the village people Benuaq.Grave Benuaq or Bentian not like any tribe in taah first lain.ketikadie they will be buried inside the box that the prop by a pole orhanging on a rope. then after a few years ago the tomb wasopened again in the bones of the dead and pray for input into apermanent colonnaded box. usually each family has the grave of each and most of its location beside the family home, not a generaldipekuburan like most others in the city or village. Almost everynight the music sounded the caller ghosts of people who were holding a ceremony Beliatn dance and healing spells for the childor to pray for the dead.

2. Lemo Stone - Tana Toraja













Place of burial or funeral corpse-shaped holes in the wall rock. This place is the result of human creations exceptional Toraja. How notwake that has existed since the 16th century were made ​​by means of sculpting. At that time, certainly with very simple equipment.Lemo is located in the village (valley) Lemo. About 12 kilometers south of Rantepao or six kilometers north of Makale.
Lemo named because some models of the burrow circular stoneand mottled fruit resembles orange or lime. Stone graves are considered the burrow paa '.

There are 75 holes in the wall rock. Some of them have statueslined the so-called tau-tau. The statues are a symbol of social standing, status, and their role during the life of the local nobility.

These objects are crowded with visitors since 1960. Besides watching the stone tomb, tourists can also buy various souvenirs orwalking path around the object is witnessing the fruit of ripe fruitpangi brown. The fruits were ready to be processed and eaten as a food typical Toraja tribe called pantollo pamarrasan.


3.Grave baby kambira - Tana Toraja






















In Kambira still in the area of ​​Tana Toraja tombs there baby, in the form of a hollowed tree, after the baby's body was embalmed andwrapped, then inserted into them and the hole covered with wovenpalm fiber.

4. Step Rock Londa - Tana Toraja












grave side cliffs are one side of the grave was at the height of thehills have caves in which the crates and dead bodies in the set are grouped based on family lines. On the other side of the dozens oftau-tau in hidmat standing on the balcony.

5. Trunyan - Bali































As the Balinese generally, Trunyan Villagers also known cremation,but in this village not burned his corpse. Here the bodies were putaway in a forest area. Strangely, the corpse will not issue a foul odor, despite being there for months.
Why is the corpse that lay just on the sema is not causing the smell? And naturally, there remains the decomposition of the bodies? This is the main attraction for the tourists visiting thesetourist sites. Well, it was said why, in the forest area there is a treenamed Taru Menyan known that could remove the smell fragrantand is able to neutralize the smell of rotting corpses. Taru means the tree, while incense is fragrant. Menyan Taru tree, only grows in this area. Be Tarumenyan the later better known as Trunyanbelieved to be the origin of the name of the village.


6. The Imogiri Tomb Kings - Yogyakarta



































Built around the year 1632 by Sultan Agung, the largest IslamicMataram kings, the building over the tomb of the Hindu-stylebuildings. The gate of the tomb made ​​of red bricks without cementBentar shaped temple. Entering the tomb of the kings of Mataramis clearly not the same as entering the cemetery. to enter the tomb of Sultan Agung, then in addition to wear traditional Javaneseclothes, we must remove footwear, also must pass through three gates.

Even that can be directly pilgrimage to the tomb of the kings weretoo limited to close relatives of the king or other people who gotspecial permission from the Sultan of Yogyakarta and Surakarta.

Therefore, ordinary pilgrims who are not ready to wear traditional Javanese clothes, forced to only see the first gate is made ofcarved teak wood and Javanese script reads hundreds of years old, with old-fashioned door latch and padlock.

Only the cemetery caretaker who can open the gate. If after all the ordinary people could see "the content" behind the first gate, it waswhen the royal family came, the gates opened wide, and societycould look a bit before the gate was closed. Curiosity that is whatcauses the mystery of the tomb of the king of Mataram maintained.
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Wednesday, September 28, 2011

Legend of Tangkuban Perahu Mountain

In the days of yore, in tatar Parahyangan, stands a kingdom that Gemah Ripah lohjinawi Kerta Raharja. Tersebutlah prabu who love the sport hunting of animals, which always accompanied by a faithful dog, named "Tumang".

At one time the King hunting deer, but had a day the results are less encouraging. Animals hunted in the forests disappeared as if swallowed by the earth. Amid the disappointment of not getting the animal prey, the King surprised to turn on his loyal dog "Tumang" who finds a baby girl lying on the grass between the hedges. What a joy of the King, when the discovery of a baby girl who was flawless, considering that the King had long craved a daughter, but has not been blessed with children. Baby girl named Princess Dayangsumbi.
Once upon a pretty princess Dayngsumbi dipersunting handsome as an adult man, who later endowed a boy named later Sangkuriang who also has a penchant hunting as well as the King.But unfortunately did not live long Dayangsumbi husband.



At one point, which is still very young Sangkuriang young, held a hunting dog accompanied the King who is also his mother's favorite, the Tumang. But the day is not good cause does not obtain the result of hunting game animals. Because Sangkuriang has promised to dedicate to his mother deer liver, while deer hunting is not acquired, then the nekad Sangkuriang Tumang pet dog killed the mother and also the King to take his heart, which is then presented to his mother.
When Dayangsumbi eventually learned that reindeer liver presented no other is his son's heart "the Tumang 'beloved dog, then murkalah Dayangsumbi. Encouraged anger, accidentally, he struck his son's head with a ladle of rice which is being held, to cause wounds that scar. Sangkuriang efforts for encouraging mothers to feel futile, and deeds do not feel guilty. He thought nothing of deer liver, liver anjingpun be, by not thinking about the loyalty Tumang who has devoted his life to serve the employer.Sangkuriangpun ran away leaving the kingdom, then disappeared without karana.
After that incident Dayangsumbi feel very sorry, every day he always prayed and pleaded with Hyang Tunggal, so that he can be reunited with his son. Later this request come true, and favor the single step that the Dayangsumbi Hyang gifted youth. Syahdan Sangkuriang continues to wander, he grew penjadi gallant youth, magic mandraguna apalgi after he had conquered the demons of magic as well, namely guriang Seven.


In a time wanderings, Sangkuriang without realizing he returned to the kingdom where he came from. And he brings alive the story line with a daughter who was flawless in nan captivating beauty, which no other is the daughter of Dayangsumbi. Sangkuriang fell in love with the daughter, demikianpula Dayangsumbi fascinated by gallantry and good looks Sangkuriang, then both terjalinlah affair.Sangkuriang and Dayangsumbi time did not know that in fact both the mother and child. Sangkuriang eventually apply dipersunting Dayangsumbi to be his wife.Yet again the story line alive again unmasked the closed, Dayangsumbi know that the young man is Sangkuriang his son, when he saw the scars Sangkuriang head, when he corrected her future husband's headband.
After feeling confident Sangkuriang bring his son, Dayangsumbi trying to thwart the marriage with his son. To marry her, Dayangsumbi proposed two conditions to be met by the deadline Sangkuriang before dawn. The first requirement, Sangkuriang should be able to make a great boat. The second condition, Sangkuriang should be able to make the lake to be used sailing boat.Sangkuriang agreed conditions, he worked overtime assisted by stealth wadiabalad guriang Seven leaders to realize the request.Large wooden timber for the boats and stemming the Citarum river, he got from the forest on a mountain which, according to legend later given the name Mount Hill stumps. The twigs and leaves from trees that used the wood, he collected disebuah hill named Mount Burangrang.




Meanwhile Dayangsumbi-Hyang Tunggal had begged her to help him, thwarting the intent Sangkuriang to marry him. Sang Hyang Tunggal Dayangsumbi granted, before the job is completed Sangkuriang, ayampun crow and the crack of dawn ... ....Sangkuriang anger, knowing he had failed to meet these requirements, he kicked the boat that is being made. The boat eventually fell face down and later become a legend of Mount Tangkubanparahu, while the flow of the Citarum River is dammed to form lakes gradually Bandung.


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Culture Baduy Tribe Unique and Bizarre Still is Run

Banten province has a traditional society which still holds fast to thetraditions of indigenous tribes who lived in the village BaduyKanekes Leuwidamar Lebak DistrictBaduy Village community at large lies in the region

Bedouin or commonly referred to as a society Kanekes is the name of a group of indigenous Sundanese in BantenBedouintribes live in rural West Javathe last village can be reached byvehicle was Ciboleger VILLAGE (West Java). From this village we are only able to enter the tribal region outside BaduyBut beforewe go kewilayah Baduy tribe we had to report first with customaryleaders who called JaroKanekes society in general is divided into three groups: tangtupanampingand dangka.


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Most Beautiful Waterfall in Indonesia

Outpouring of water from a steep cliff is a beautiful naturalphenomenon and has always been an interesting tourist attraction.Here's seven waterfalls in Indonesia are worth your visit.

South Sulawesi, West Java, Bali, Lombok and Manado are some areas that have a beautiful waterfall. Although there are still somewho do not have adequate tourism facilities, its beauty can be funentertainment.

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